Essay writing examples: 2019

Friday, December 27, 2019

A Report on the Strategic Culture and Marketing Strategy of Canon - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2591 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Marketing Essay Did you like this example? This is a report and detail analysis of internal structure and culture of Canon. Canon is an established international firm in the photocopy and imaging industry. It operates in diverse range of markets which includes business solution, computer imaging, broadcast and communication, medical system and industrial product. This report further evaluates the overseas opportunities of Canon using PESTEL framework. PESTEL is used to analyse the macro environment and to indentify the key drivers of change affecting the company. The analysis of the internal structures and culture of Canon was carried out by using the McKinseys 7S model and SWOT framework to analyze the company internal capabilities. This report is divided into three parts. The first part focuses on the analysis of internal structures and culture of Canon. The McKinseys 7S model and SWOT framework are used in this section for the analysis. The second part relies on Ansoff matrix to assess the overseas growth op tions available to Canon. The last segment is an analysis of the overseas opportunities for Canon and recommend a suitable overseas market for the company to entry. 2.0 An assessment of Canon internal structures and culture The structure in organization arises as a result of the necessity of the people in organization to know who is in charge, what their role is and who to turn to if there is any concern. Therefore, whether small or large, local, national or multinational, an organization has to have a structure. Henry Mintzberg (1983, p.2) submits that the structure of an organization is the sum total of the ways in which its labour is divided into distinct tasks and then its coordination is achieved among these tasks. Canon as a horizontal organisation includes worldwide Group companies and management committees which are established to address important management issues, and serve a mutual-check function complementing its system of products and operationsÃ‚ [1]Ã‚ . In th is regard, the structure of Canon significantly affects how the company pursue and realized its strategic objectives. It allows or constraints workers (as the case may be) to actually makes changes and get culturally align with the company strategy. All of the company strategic initiatives rely on the ability of the worker to manipulate the culture of the company that guide employee behaviour in the organization. Cooperate culture is the sum of the sociological markers and behaviours of those within an organisation. The degree to which this aligns with the organisation core values is a powerful driver for success. In using the McKinseys 7S model and SWOT framework, the analysis of Canon internal structures and culture are further expatiated. 2.1 Canon Global: McKinseys 7-S and Swot analysis Introduced by McKinsey and Company in the 1970s, the 7-S model has revolutionalised the way management thinks about organisation effectiveness. It is essentially a framework developed to ad dress the critical role of coordination, rather than structure in an organisation. The 7-S that is strategy, structure, staffing, style, skills, system and shared value are used to analysed Canon simultaneously below. 2.1.1 Analysing Canon: The Mckinseys 7S model In terms of strategy, Canon aims to achieve and sustain its goal of becoming a truly excellent global photocopy and imaging company through its five key strategies for growth. Particularly, its strategy follows from the company adoption of the kyosei philosophy in a global corporation plan. Canon operates a flat structure. It is a horizontal organisation which includes worldwide Group companies and management committees (Refer to Appendix 1). It is important to note that different firms are structured in different ways depending on their size, their culture, their activities and their history. Canon represents what Boje and Dennehy submits as a post modern organisation (2000) and therefore able to strategically respon d to the contemporary business environment. A post modern organisation comprises a networked set of diverse, self-managed, self-controlled teams with poly-centres that is many centres of coordination that fold and unfold according to the requirements of the tasks. Being a post modern organisation not only explains the systemic nature of Canon, the ability of the company to implement the kyosei philosophy in every segment of the company is also a clear example. Likewise, teams are organized in flat design, employees are highly empowered and involved in the job, information is fluid and continuous improvement is emphasized throughout. Canon is a flat organization that values and entrust the experience of its staffs to do what is right in the organization. As of December 31, 2009 Canon staff strengths stood at 25,683 globally. It is has highly technical and talented staffs. Canon recognises that learning and development is an important aspect of an organisation growth and developmen t (Sadler-Smith, E 2006, p.2), it has invested on training its staffs and this has leads to an improved skills and knowledge by its staff and in particular area of staff expertise. Canon approach to the articulation of its value is based on aligning individual and organisational goals. Therefore with well trained staff, Canon has developed the ability overtime to compete favourably in the industry. Canon has sustains a vitalised culture among its employee for a long period of time (Kono and Clegg 1998, p. 176). The company ability to ensure that its shared value are integrated into the company as a whole and that they are limited to the management levels explains its style and shared value. Furthermore, the style at which an organisation chooses to pursue its objectives is crucial to the successful realization of those objectives. The core values are foundational to everything that the company does, and organisational style of doing things is part of the core values. It helps def ines how the employee, dealers and suppliers are going to help the company contribute to achieving the organisation vision. Canon is an organisation that prides on excellence and technology. Canon of invention is an invincible powerful force that gently nudges the workers into compliance with being continuously innovative. Canon marketing campaign often takes account the local consideration and languages. The kyosei corporate philosophy symbolizes the corporate value which is the shared value of the company. Kyosei means living and working together for the common good which embody the broader share value of the organisation All people regardless of race religion or culture, harmonising living and working together into the future. 2.1.2 The Swot analysis of Canon This section involves the identification of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats as regards to Canon. The SWOT analysis is a management instrument for developing structured response options to deal with ext ernal threats and exploit opportunities. 2.1.2.1 Strengths The unique concept and quality of the services offered by Canon is its one major competitive strength. It has been able to sustain this through its focus on inventions and also continuous management innovative reforms. Improved management quality refers to the achievement of real-time management that immediately puts into practise strategies based on well-horned decision-making process (The Canon Story, 2009/2010). The strength of the company to maintain its competitiveness also emanates from good customer relationship it has established with its customers overtime. It has succeeded in transforming the mindset of its employee to be focus on total optimization and profit and has thus enable the employees to relate to customers in an effective and efficient ways. In addition, it has multi skilled labour that cut across all segment of the organisation expertise and they are very effective in matching both the tangible and intangible company resources to its strategies. 2.1.2.2 Weakness Despite the fact that Canon is a global name, it has not extensively exploits other business areas and domains outside its traditional markets of Europe, United States, China and Japan. It should not only restrict its participation to exhibitions in markets outside its traditional zones, it has to be seen to establish production lines in such emerging economies like Brazil and South Africa. This has the potential of sustain its global competitiveness and these markets are rapidly growing with major global impacts. It will also bolster the company diversification process. 2.1.2.3 Opportunities Although, the company expansion into China is also applicable to all major brands in the imaging industry, Canon major opportunity for competitiveness stems from this expansion into Asian countries. In this light, it will be able to benefits from the rise in the demand for digital product in these countries. It bolste rs its capability to capture growing demand worldwide for digital products. By focusing on China and other Asian markets, Canon can benefits from the growth potential of these rapidly emerging markets. 2.1.2.4 Threats The major threats to Canon in the industry are from its competitors products. There are intensive competitions among the major players such as Sharp, Toshiba, Sony, Samsung and others each striving for excellence. This creates intensive competition for substitutes products that Canon has to deal with. However, it should be noted that Canon is responding adequately by establishing fully automated production lines built around automated machinery and robot to sustain international competitiveness. 3.0 An examination of Canons strategic business growth In this section, the Ansoff Matrix is used to analyse the process of Canon strategic business growth. The Ansoff growth matrix is a tool for strategic business planning. Although, it must be used along with othe r decision making tools, the Ansoff Matrix is a tool that can be used to formulate growth strategy for business and market. Table 1 shows the matrix as developed by Igor Ansoff below: As shown in the above diagram, the matrix formulation considers two growth areas which could be the launch of a new or existing product in the markets and growth of a new or expansion of the existing markets. Therefore the growth strategies are developed based on the formulation of growth strategy for the business concerning the products and markets. These are: One, existing product in an existing market, which is indicated as market penetration. Two, new products in an existing market, this is indicated as product development. Three, existing product in new markets, this is market development, and four, new product launch in new markets which is the diversification strategy. Canons Ansoff Matrix 3.1.1 Market Penetration The market penetration strategy of Canon is focus on selling the exist ing product in existing markets. The company in selling its existing products in the markets can embark of product price cuts in other to increase the sales in existing products. The primary objective is to continue to achieve higher market share in existing markets which of course involve improving the elements of the marketing mix. 3.1.2 Market Development This will involves launching the existing products into a new market overseas or targeting new segments in the home market. For example, Canon launch its products in various countries with different purchasing powers therefore the company will have to match the cost of production of their product in competition with others existing business in the same county. 3.1.3 Products development This simply involves the development of a new product for their loyal customers in the existing markets. This mainly is been carried out by creating new products with modified feature to attract customers. Canon uses this as strategy of continuously developing and upgrading its products while at the same time aiming to ensure the loyalty of its customers. 3.1.4 Diversification Diversification involves that Canon enter a new market with completely new products. This strategy may be suitable for Canon as it has gained a market share in established markets and are seeking new growth opportunity of business which has reach saturation in their markets. Therefore, it can invest completely in new areas as it is doing now medical imaging and other advanced technologies. 4.0 An evaluation of overseas opportunities for Canon The PESTEL framework is used here to analyse Canons overseas opportunities and its suitability for overseas market entry. The market environment where an organisation stands contains both the micro and macro aspects of the environment. PESTEL is used to analyse the macro environment and to indentify the key drivers of change affecting customer buying behaviour in the photography and imagin g industry. The PESTEL framework for Canon in three countries is first tabulated below before the short analysis is done. Factors (PESTEL) China USA Brazil Political Attract Investment Investment friendly Attract investment Economic High consumer demands High consumer demand High consumer demand Social Rapidly expanding middle class Large middle and buoyant middle class Growing middle class Technological Growing rapidly Established Growing Environmental Conducive Conducive Conducive Legal Unstable Stable Stable Table 2: PESTEL Analysis The above table shows a simple evaluation of how the political, economic, social, technological, environmental and legal factors affect Canon business expansion in three countries. In terms of the political factor, China, USA and Brazil political environment are conducive for investment. They are attractive for investment and as such there is opportunity for expa nsion by Canon. In China, the economy has been growing between 9%-11% every year since the 1980s. Chinas rapid economic growth is reflected in a high concentration of Ultra-High Net Worth Individual (Ultra-HNWIs); it raises the peoples standard of living. This is also similar to Brazil where consumers purchasing power is on the increase. Therefore the Chinese economic development over the past three decades, Brazil growing consumer consumption and United States large middle class are indications of market opportunities for Canon. The rapidly and upper class in China seeks to enhance its identity and quality of life with luxury goods which is a good opportunity for Canon as its concentrates into high-tech products. China is not only an attractive market because of its large population, Chinese consumer markets is increasingly tending towards high-tech products. The growing demand for medical imaging products in China is an opportunity that Canon has to tap into. In regards to the environmental factors, a keenly awareness of the industry, market, trends, demographics and burgeoning technologies is important for Canon strategic business development. For instance, there is growing global need for technology that protects the environment and as such Canon can seek to expand its capacity in this area. The tremendous opportunities that springs from globalization should be balanced by the need to remain vigilant of changes in the societal, political and business climate of the world at large. While the existing laws in China which is in various jurisdictions governing issues such as taxes, personal privacy of China is uncertain and unstable, the legal factors in USA and Brazil are very conducive for Canon rapid business growth and expansion programmes. 4.1 Canon market entry strategy The market entry strategy pursue by a company depends on its vision, the company attitudes towards risks and importantly the available investment capital. The level of risks and financial rewards increases as a company moves from market entry strategy such as exporting to joint venture to licensing and ultimately to direct investment. Canon evaluates the revenue channels such as licensing, investment and strategic alliances/partnership and uses that as a market entry strategy with minimal risks. A firm choice of mode of entry to a market is central to the implementation of its international strategy (Pehrsson, 2008). Canon has often taken a broad approach to international market entry. This is because most of its products are often available through distributors in many major capitals. It makes the company an already existing entity even before any major entry into such markets. With the advantage of first player in the market, Canon has build up a strong reputation to maintain market position. However, when existing company seeks to enter developing markets, there are additional strategies and issues to address. Canon usually replicates its style and th e strategy that have serves it well without significant adaptation. Therefore, Canon normally enters new markets with the objectives of achieving greater market penetration. Largely, this approach has been successful for the company in China. DonÃ¢â‚¬â„¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "A Report on the Strategic Culture and Marketing Strategy of Canon" essay for you Create order

A Report on the Strategic Culture and Marketing Strategy of Canon - Free Essay Example

Thursday, December 19, 2019

Sensitive Periods During The Caterpillar Of The Prosthesis...

SENSITIVE PERIODS Introduction: Ã¢â‚¬ËœSensitive periodsÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ is a term developed by the Dutch geneticist Hugo de Vries and later used by the Italian educator Maria Montessori. Montessori cites DeVriesÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ example of a Sensitive Period in the caterpillar of the Prosthesis butterfly. The caterpillar must feed on very tender leaves, and yet the butterfly lays its eggs in the most hidden fork of the branch, near the trunk of the tree. Who will show the little caterpillars hidden there, the moment they leave the egg, that the tender leaves they need are to be found at the extreme tip of the branch, in the light? Now the caterpillar is strongly sensible to light; light attracts it, summons it as by an irresistible voice, fascinates it, and the caterpillar goes wriggling towards where the light is brightest, till it reaches the tip of the branch, and thus finds itself, famished for food, among the budding leaves that can give it nourishment. It is a strange fact that when the caterpillar has passed through its first stage and is full grown, it can eat other food, and then loses its sensibility to light. This has been proved in scientific laboratories where th ere are neither trees nor leaves but only the caterpillar and the light. According to Montessori sensitive periods, refers to several overlapping periods of development where a child is sensitive to a particular stimuli or type of interaction. A child passes through special times in his life when he easily incorporates a particular

Wednesday, December 11, 2019

Principles of Marketing Case Study of Crocodile Cleansers

Question: Discuss about thePrinciples of Marketingfor Case Study of Crocodile Cleansers. Answer: Ethical Problems from the Situation which Robert is Facing are as follows: The company "Crocodile Cleansers" is a company which produces cleaning products and is targeting southeast of USA. Their main product- Ab- Stain, a fabric stain remover which available in liquid form only- The new project manager Robert is facing an issue of declining stage due to his new position. Competitiveness vs. Environment: The ethical issue and dilemma of Robert is way too important because competitiveness and environment are tow variables which he needs to actually encounter a lot. Here he needs to see that whether competitiveness is more important in terms of the kind of sprays he is selling or the environmental friendly without hydrocarbon spray is much more needed. Here the ethical issue is of that the producers can continue making hydrocarbon spray for earning profit and competitiveness can be there. Environment can get affected and the producers might not even realize but here the main thing is of the environment where ozone is increasing at such an alarming rate. Short-Term Consumers' Needs and Desires vs. Long-Term Damages to Consumers' Health: Another ethical issue which needs to be considered here is that of short term consumers needs and desires to the long term thing of understanding consumers health. The issue of going to the extent that the liquid spills on other areas also- this will be very harmful in the long run for everyone. If Robert even goes for the sprays just for profits then what about the health of consumers. The stakeholders like public, Robert, Crocodiles Consumers of the past and present and even all the sick old people who use it- There are 2 perspectives 1) Utilitarian: which considers profit, and more benefits in actual. 2) Deontological: That value must be respected like what would happen if aersosol sprays have a control on the market. CSR and the situation where he can do the same: CSR for any company will always be involving a lot of involvement from the product managers side. Moreover, the CSR which need to be taken in account by the Crocodile Cleansers needs to be in the favor of stakeholders. In this case every company has- In concurring with these components; the decision of keeping "fluid" rendition is moral from the deontological perspective. Truth be told the main right abused (right to pick) can be viewed as a great deal less critical as the rights regarded (to life and to wellbeing). How be productive and moral in the meantime? create and build up a showcasing technique which will portray an another picture of the organization as moral, aware of nature and environment, faithful with its clients in light of the fact that never destructive for them, answerable and overcome in its choice; strengthen the advertising effort through the immediate organization or cooperation with ecological and wellbeing relationship in like manner initiatives, gatherings and distributions, so as to compare Crocodile Cleansers to the names of these prevalent affiliations; inform individuals through the battle about the wellbeing dangers connected to shower items sold by different brands use for the most part social and web promoting, who allow to decrease cost and contact a great deal a bigger number of individuals than conventional ways; References Arthur, 1992, To Spray or Not to Spray, Arthur Andersen Co, SC. All rights reserved. https://wpweb2.tepper.cmu.edu/ethics/AA/mktg25-case.pdf

Wednesday, December 4, 2019

Modulation Computer Software and Unknown Music Virus free essay sample

Computer Software and Unknown Music Virus BY RL 52578 Richard Powers Modulation is about a mysterious, unshakable music virus that is taking over and controlling the minds of the people it comes in contact with. Out of nowhere this virus comes about and starts to spread vigorously through cyberspace, eating up computer software systems around the world. Not only is this virus spreading to computer systems and to data bases, but it starts spreading through peoples minds. Toss, Mart, Jan, and Mitchell are the main characters in this story and all are unified throughout by this music virus. Powers tells how each character deals with the virus and how it affects them internally. Toss, thrilled off of hacking through cyberspace, finally met his match when the ARIA hired him to work for their company. They thought by hiring the man that hacked through their system could defeat such a virus as this one. We will write a custom essay sample on Modulation: Computer Software and Unknown Music Virus or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Toss, in awe by this unknown music virus, is being beaten internally because it is the one thing he himself cannot beat, but at the same time this scares him because he does not know what it Is capable of. The virus was something Toshiba had never seen or heard before.It was a new type of music, so mutating and powerful that it embedded inside his brain. Mart, a reporter reporting on the war in Iraq, hears this catchy tune she had never heard before. It sticks in her head as if it was like an earmark of some sort. This tune she keeps hearing is like a sickness she cannot get rid of. It starts eating at her mind like a virus eats at a computer hard drive. The only way Mart is at ease is when she hears the catchy tune again. The music virus not only sickens her, but also relieves her; making the tune the perfect medication.Not only Is It a virus trying to destroy, but It also reveres as a firewall against Itself. Jan, a recently retired music professor, Is searching for something he has never heard before. He wants something new and reinvented to offer society so he can change how people look at music. He believes all music should be free and his life passion Is discovering world music. As soon as he hears the music virus he knows It Is what he had been searching for. This tune was so refined and new, he had never heard such a tune before. After listening to this he knew his lifelong goal had been met.HIS search for a new and different type of music had been complete. He could now die a happy man. On another note, Mitchell, a music composer, found himself threatened by the music virus. HIS compositions were starting to sound Like the Infamous tune. No matter what he did he could not get the catchy tune out of his head. HIS performance was In danger as he could not produce anything but what was Ingrained In his mind by the virus. He soon realizes he can use this threat as an opportunity to achieve greatness In his compositions and as a composer.All of the characters that Powers uses In his short story are unified by this sick, unshakable music virus that has only one motive: o spread. Each character deals with the virus to the best of their ability and tries not to let this Innovative type of music control and get the best of them In times of vulnerability. Powers tells the readers how each character In the story deals with the music virus, how It affects them Internally and how they try to overcome It. BY 52578 peoples minds. Toshiba, Mart, Jan, and Mitchell are the main characters in this story time this scares him because he does not know what it is capable of.The virus was the tune the perfect medication. Not only is it a virus trying to destroy, but it also reveres as a firewall against itself. Jan, a recently retired music professor, is all music should be free and his life passion is discovering world music. As soon as he hears the music virus he knows it is what he had been searching for. This tune this he knew his lifelong goal had been met. His search for a new and different type Mitchell, a music composer, found himself threatened by the music virus. His compositions were starting to sound like the infamous tune. No matter what he did he could not get the catchy tune out of his head.His performance was in danger as e could not produce anything but what was ingrained in his mind by the virus. He soon realizes he can use this threat as an opportunity to achieve greatness in his compositions and as a composer. All of the characters that Powers uses in his to spread. Each character deals with the virus to the best of their ability and tries not to let this innovative type of music control and get the best of them in times of vulnerability. Powers tells the readers how each character in the story deals with the music virus, how it affects them internally and how they try to overcome it.

Wednesday, November 27, 2019

Comparing Snow White and Shrek Essay Example

Comparing Snow White and Shrek Paper In this essay I am going to look at Snow White as the first feature length animated film and what impact its production had on its audience. I will later on compare it to Shrek an animated film produced over two generations later. To help me do this, I will look into the background of Snow White and what led to its production. I will start by looking at how and when it was produced. Snow White was produced in the 1930s by Walt Disney, and first premiered in 1937, while America was trying to recover from The Great Depression. The great depression had left many people unemployed and millions of them were miserable. Disney aimed for the film to appeal to all sorts of audiences. The Young and the old. The release of Snow White was a way of raising the morale of the American people who sacrificed the little money they had to go and see the film. Disney used songs like someday my prince will come and heigh-ho heigh-ho to cheer the audience up. Therefore, Snow White was made as a feel good factor for the people of America. The film was based on the story by the Brothers Grimm. We will write a custom essay sample on Comparing Snow White and Shrek specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Comparing Snow White and Shrek specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Comparing Snow White and Shrek specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Normally, the Grimm tales are notoriously dark and unpleasant but Walt Disney, the producer, decided to change the story line to make it more appealing to the audience. This way, the story would appeal to both adults and children. The production of Snow White cost about i 1. 75million but brought out a grand total of i 4. 2million. It was a great risk for Disney to take and if it hadnt been successful would have cost him his entire studio. Disney managed to capture the attention of his folly blind audience, as they were called, by producing thousands of individual sketches which gave the tiniest bits of detail. The death scene as well brought out a lot of emotions in the audience and tears in peoples eyes. Dream Works made Shrek in 2001, over two generations later. It was a direct parody of Snow White and other fairy tales like Sleeping Beauty (when Fiona wishes to be kissed by a handsome prince) and Peter Pan (when Donkey flies and a voice of Peter Pan is heard). It came from a childrens illustrated book by William Steig. Unlike Snow White, the characters in Shrek do no sing in a magical style but instead carefully chosen sound tracks are used to match the different moods of the scenes. The sound tracks also reflect the popular musical taste of time. The songs are a range of a number of American grunge. Challenging and mocking as it may be to Disney, Shrek like Snow White is a feel good film although it debunks the gentility of tradition fairy tales. Snow White begins with Once upon a time. It starts a long shot of the country and the castle, then zooms in to reveal the Queen dressed in black and purple. The audience first sees the back of the Queen to make her more mysterious. Only the crown on her head shows she is a Queen. The colour of her clothes, her pale complexion, dark eyes and very red lips show that she is an evil person. When she speaks to the mirror, her accent is slightly German and in the 1930s, the Americans did not trust the Germans. This was a deliberate way to make her seem evil and let the audience know she is an enemy towards Snow White. The mirror, whos voice seems to echo from somewhere within, hell perhaps, seems to feel sorry for Snow White when it mentions her name: Alas my fair lady. The Queen however disrespects the mirror because he/she is a slave. Her voice is loud and sharp, which makes her, appear bossy. She moves swiftly, superstitiously with long strides, which make her look dominant and overbearing. When the mirror mentions Snow White, her cat shaped eyes narrow and she hoarsely repeats it to show a malicious intent toward her. It is at this point that a dissolved shot introduces us to Snow White. Shrek on the other hand has a very different opening. The audience is shown a book with calligraphy writing, which is narrated sarcastically by Shrek himself. After six pages, a voice shouts Like its ever gonna happen, at this point, a page is torn and opening shot comes. A hut is shown and Shrek continues, What a lot of ****. Just the opening scene shows it is a comedy aimed for everyone. Like the Queen in Snow White, Shrek is shown at a low angle shot to make him look more menacing. In contrast to Snow White, Shrek is different from a traditional type of hero. He uses the page torn out of the storybook, and holds it in content. He baths in muddy water unlike any traditional hero who is portrayed as clean. He breaks wind and kills fish, one of which floats to the surface. He has a gross mannerism and the signs next to his home says: keep out, Ogre beware. Shrek is portrayed as a vicious large Ogre who is anti-social who roars and scares people with his smelly mouth. He doesnt want people around and he scares them. On the other hand however, he is shown as a private but friendly character. His privacy is a defence mechanism because he thinks people dont like him. He does it to make them think he doesnt like them either. He judges people before they get to know him just like they judge him. We can see he is not as unfriendly as earlier made to look when he has a love -hate relationship with the streetwise donkey who later became his friend. The donkey is instantly loved by the audience because of its chatter. He is not intimidated by Shreks size or the fact that he comes across as scary. He compliments Shrek by saying: I respect you Shrek, youve got that I-dont-care-what-nobody-thinks attitude and I like that. Snow White on the other hand is everything like a fairy tale princess. She is very cheerful and unaware of what happens around her. She is dressed in white, a great contrast to the Queens clothes. Her high pitched voice and wide eyes represent her innocence. Her small and delicate body highlights her youth purity. Her innocent, childlike behaviour makes people associate her with themselves. The well echos her song as she sings: my prince will come. She plays with doves, a symbol of purity, and runs away from the prince in embarrassment. She sends a dove to go and kiss him because she is too modest to do it herself. Even when the prince tries to entice her, she hides behind the curtains. In a dissolved shot, the camera zooms in to show her purity. He camera tilts upwards to reveal the Queen with an evil expression on her face. Mise-en-scene, all the animals like Snow White and play with her and it shows that she is a real princess. She is gentle, shy and modest, unlike Princess Fiona in Shrek. Princess Fiona in Shrek reacted oppositely when attacked. She hits and kicks Shrek the first time they meet. She also kills a bird at one point. Snow White is pretty too unlike Princess Fiona who turns into an Ogre. This also shows the difference between the two films. We can see the two films have different characters and certainly different heroes. While both are feel good films and are targeted for all audiences, they show different humour and reflect the different times of their production. This can be seen in the language the mirror in Snow White uses which is very out dated and humour used by the donkey in Shrek. We see that the music taste has changed as well since the production of Snow White, but also that technology has improved since then. For the production of Shrek, latest technology was used to create a lot of extras, which include life-like and realistic appearances like facial expressions, background, clothing etc. In the making of Snow White however, most of the details had to be sketched out because the technology had not advanced as much.

Sunday, November 24, 2019

Competitive advantage and relationship marketing

Competitive advantage and relationship marketing Introduction The ability of an organization to generate and maintain a competitive advantage forms one of the most critical elements in supporting its internal and external mechanisms for further growth and expansion. Benderly posits that high market competitiveness acts as an indicator of an organizationÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s progress and assessment in comparison to others dealing with same products (30). Besides, as this paper analyzes using Cirque du Soleil, relationship marketing is an effective means of maintaining, developing and establishing market relationship with consumers. It has been hailed as one of the most effective ways through which businesses can achieve and sustain competitive advantage. Competitive advantage The concept of competitive advantage has its roots well entrenched in the historical era of industrial revolution when demand for markets and increasing focus on quality became critical.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Competitive advan tage and relationship marketing-Cirque du Soleil specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, Suliyanto and Rahab indicate that the concept became more profound with the development of globalization and intensification of international trade which further diversified its overall scope in view of production and consumption of different products and services (136). The concept of market competitiveness has further been intensified by the onset of information technology which strongly links market with the management and production units in the society. In his article Anatomy of competitive advantage: a select framework, Ma points out that Ã¢â‚¬Å"competitive advantage arises from the differential among firms along any dimension of firm attributes and characteristics that allows one firm to better create customer value than do othersÃ¢â‚¬ (709). His argument hinges on the view that consistent provision of superior value and high quality products to consumers is an attribute determined by a firmÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s ability to establish strategic business decisions as well as strategic capabilities. Due to intensive competition and increasing uncertainty, companies that have sustainable advantage make tremendous gains because they have competencies and resources that are non-substitutable and unique that their competitors lack. Agha, Alrubaiee and Jamhour concur with MaÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s argument and posits that through these, successful organizations have maintained customer satisfaction, achieved overall strategic goals and increased their production processes (200).Advertising Looking for critical writing on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Additionally, capabilities have these companies have been witnessed in the manner in which they have combined organizational knowledge, integrated technology and coordinated production skills in provision of value. Aremu and Bamiduro point out that the affect of relationship marketing in developing and sustaining competitive edge has from ancient times grown to become hyper-competitive through established relationships between suppliers, buyers and sellers (211). Different businesses have for along period of time developed unique and different customer relationship capabilities that have aided them in gaining a competitive edge over their competitors. This relates with MaÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s argument in the sense that the uniqueness of a firm in carrying out relationship marketing is an attribute which adds customer value. However, it is imperative to note that an inception of great directional change has been witnessed in the past decade in both marketing practice and theory. David and Motamedi point out that this genuine paradigm shift has been termed by marketing analysts as a move towards relationship marketing which as a concept encompasses relational marketing, working partnerships, relational contracti ng, co-marketing alliances, strategic alliances, symbiotic marketing and internal marketing (369). Their argument, which adds another angle to MaÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s position, indicates that competitive edge can also be attained through partnerships. In fact, currently in global business, the practice of predatory and flat out competition is over and has been replaced by collaboration between companies both at local and multinational level as gaining a favorable competitive edge requires that businesses cooperate. Lyndall Urwick, an influential thinker and consultant in business management argued from the business reengineering theoryÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s perspective that relationship marketing is a shift adopted by businesses intending to establish long-term relationships that are mutually satisfying with key-parties such as distributors, suppliers and customers for mutual gain and to retain them in their businesses.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Competitive advanta ge and relationship marketing-Cirque du Soleil specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More His argument echoes MaÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s argument on competitive advantage in the sense that relationship marketing creates a mutual bond that connects a company with suppliers, distributors and customers while ensuring that they all benefit. However, the uniqueness of attributes and characteristics must not be different for a company to gain a competitive edge because relationship marketing also extends to partnerships with other business to gain resources and boost performance. Gilaninia, Shahi and Mousavian point out that effective relationship marketing companies have arisen within functionally specialized organizations, and have networks whose interrelationships are not only driven by norms, but are coordinated and held together by organizations whose marketing methods are based on trust, commitment and sharing. Cirque du Soleil Cirque du Soleil is one of the fastest growing entertainment companies in Canada based in Quebec (David Motamedi 369). Its unique attribute in relationship marketing has been one of the most notable core competencies that have made it successful since its inception in 1984. As an entertainment company, it has been able to achieve some stable competitive edge via building of its customer loyalty through provision of quality shows, products and services. It is worth noting that building customer loyalty and retention has been identified by many scholars and practitioners in relationship marketing as a major requirement in successful selling and building of brand or image of a business. David and Motamedi points out that Cirque du Soleil has invested in developing strategies for creating customer loyalty and retention through its effective leadership properly so that it does not miss out on significant marketing share against other market competitors (370). The latter explains why it is putting more emphasis in building e ffective communication strategies for the purpose of developing customer confidence, retention as well as loyalty.Advertising Looking for critical writing on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It has been able to retain its customers by developing an effective and efficient visionary planning as well as strategic customer relationship management in order to eliminate weak customer relations which often lead to dysfunctional organizational behavior and low profitability. In their publication, Patsioura, Malama and Vlachopoulou point out that recognizing factors that motivates customers to buy products or services is an important step in understanding the brand switching behavior of customers as well as their loyalty (80). Most customers of Cirque du Soleil have shown their loyalty to this company through repeat purchase of their entertainment services, preference and commitment to their shows. Kaj Storbacka, Tore Strandvik, and Christian GrÃƒ ¶nroos point out in their loyalty business model that when there is lack of relationship marketing, customers may fail to be satisfied by products and services and hence be unsuccessful in showing important components such as an inten tion to re-buy, a liking towards a brand preference due to superior qualities of a brand (Croteau, Rivard Talbot 1). However, customer loyalty and retention can be realized in a business environment where strategic relationship marketing is unique and differentiated and where it is being done with the help of effective communication to obtain feedback. Cirque du Soleil has been very effective in applying various unique relationship marketing methods which include the use of technology and social media marketing as a viable relationship marketing tool largely due to its flexibility and viability in reaching out targeted market (Croteau, Rivard Talbot 1). Relationship marketing through improved quality of goods and services Attainment of a competitive edge has been considered to have massive implications on products and services being released to consumers in the market. As Dickinson indicates, the notion of market competitiveness is laden with a sense of high quality products in the society (10). With the notion of increased products value being progressive, consumers enjoy high quality products and services at all times and at the correct prices. Due to the need to maintain high quality services in the nation, Cirque du Soleil has sought to expand to other regions in the world as part and parcel of seeking new markets and expanding its level of operations and therefore improve the degree with which the various needs of its customers can be met. It has also done this with an intention of maintaining its status amidst the fast growing industry (Croteau, Rivard Talbot 1). Relationship marketing assists in building greater customer loyalty In their view, Aghoubi, Doaee and Ardalan observe that the relationship marketing practice of a business in the global market acts as a critical tool for maintaining loyalty of the customers on products and services an organization offer (903). The ability of an organization to initiate, effect, and maintain market competitivene ss in its different areas of operation act as one of the most critical elements in supporting growth of loyalty by consumers through continuous services improvement. As indicated earlier, gaining competitive advantage is a notion that goes hand-in-hand with provision of high quality that consumers seek association with. Most management teams in organizations often seek to generate high customer loyalty in their products (Roy 80). Following its long time competitive advantage in Canada, Cirque du Soleil has assimilated sound customer loyalty from its entertainment customers. Its management team emphasizes that its ability to remain at the top has been anchored on high customer loyalty in all of its global operations (Croteau, Rivard Talbot 1). To recap it all, it is imperative to reiterate that the discussion in this paper has been based on the thesis statement that Ã¢â‚¬Å"the ability of an organization to generate and maintain a competitive advantage forms one of the most critical e lements in supporting its internal and external mechanisms for further growth and expansionÃ¢â‚¬ . From the discussion, it is evident that developing unique and differentiated competitive advantages such as effective relationship marketing, customer responsiveness, influence and communication are generic and vital for an organization that wants to succeed in the global competitive market. It is also clear from the discussion that other capabilities which companies should develop to lead in the market include innovative capacity, strategic flexibility, organizational learning and effective technology among others. It is worth noting that different authors have stated that a business needs to have a unique and differentiated capability to gain competitive advantage over others. However, as indicated by authors with different views, market trends have massively changed and businesses are going into partnerships and networks to augment their competitive advantages over others. The pape r has also examined Cirque du Soleil relationship marketing practice and noted that successful adoption of relationship marketing in the organization has enhanced its ability to establish long term relationships with its customers. Agha Sabah, Alrubaiee Laith Jamhour Manar. Effect of core competence on competitive advantage and organizational performance. International Journal of Business and Management, 7.1 (2012): 192-204. Aghoubi Nour-Mohammed, Doaee Habibollah Ardalan Argavan. The effect of emotional intelligence on relationship marketing. Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business 3.5 (2011): 901-905. Aremu, Mukalia Bamiduro, Joseph. Marketing mix practice as a determinant of entrepreneurial business performance. International Journal of Business and Management 7.1 (2012): 205-213 Benderly, Beryl. Staying number 1. ASEE Prism, 21.5 (2012): 30-33. Croteau Anne-Marie, Rivard Suzanne and Talbot jean. Visioning information technology at Cirque du Soleil. Int ernational Journal of Case Studies in Management 1.3(2006): 1. David, Robert Motamedi, Amir. Cirque Du Soleil: Can It Burn Brighter? Journal of Strategic Management Education, 1.2 (2004): 369-382. Dickinson, Barry. The role of authenticity in relationship marketing. Journal of Management and Marketing Research, 8 (2011): 1-12. Gilaninia Shahram, Shahi Hasanali Mousavian Seyyed. The effect of relationship marketing dimensions by customer satisfaction to customer loyalty. Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research In Business, 3.4 (2011): 74-84. Hao, Ma. Anatomy of competitive advantage: a select framework, Management Decision, 37.9(1999): 709 Ã¢â‚¬â€œ 718. Patsioura Fotini, Malama Eleonara-Ioulia Vlachopoulou, Maro. A relationship marketing model for brand advertising websites: an analysis of consumers perceptions. International Journal of Management, 28.4 (2011): 72-92. Roy, Martin. Sustainable design for circus big top. ASHRAE Journal, 48.9 (2006): 78- 81. Suliyanto, Sul iyanto Rahab, Rahab. The role of market orientation and learning orientation in improving innovativeness and performance of small and medium enterprises, Asian Social Science 8.1 (2012): 134-145.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Laws of Physics behind Aikido Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Laws of Physics behind Aikido - Research Paper Example Aikido methods comprise of entering and turning movements, which readdress the force or energy of an opponents attack, and a joint or throw lock that ceases the technique (Mroczkowski, 2012). Even though, it derives largely from the martial arts of DaitÃ… -ryÃ… « Aiki-jÃ… «jutsu, it started to deviate from it in the late 20s, partially because of Ueshibas association to the Ã…Å'moto-kyÃ… religious conviction. His initial students writings have the phrase aiki-jÃ… «jutsu (Mroczkowski, 2012). However, his senior students have unique approaches to the fighting method, relying partially on when they learnt with him. Today, the style is seen all over the world in countless methods, with a couple of interpretation and stress. Nevertheless, they all share methods that were developed by Ueshiba and a majority have apprehension for the safety of the attacker. Because the technique involves force and reaction, physics is normally involved when it comes to the execution of its techniques. Th is paper will discuss the laws of physics behind Aikido and how things like force, momentum, rotational speed, direction, impulse and conservation of energy can work for or against a person. Similar to Judo, Aikido is a form of martial arts, which demands an intuitive comprehension of the physics of forces, stability, torques plus rotational motion (Mroczkowski, 2012). The grace that each needs is not simply conveyed, but each and every method can be split into components, which can be assessed in reference to classical physics. Aikido seeks to surmount a rivalÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s stability. It is a fairly modern type of martial art, which integrates methods from a couple of other martial art methods. It is differentiated by its firm code of making sure that you do not injury the opponent. Thus, it is mainly a type of self-defense when compared to other martial arts methods such as judo (Mroczkowski, 2012). It incorporates no methods, which can be deemed as attacks and many critics have deemed it as the

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Public Relations - Corporate Reputation programme Essay

Public Relations - Corporate Reputation programme - Essay Example Thomas Carlyle also known as Tom Ford is a fashion designer and film director from America, majorly popular for his services for Gucci and the creation of fashion label Tom Ford. Born in 1961, Tom Ford is renowned for his creativity in dress designing and versatility in product offering. The brand Ã¢â‚¬Å"TOM FORDÃ¢â‚¬ came into existence in 2004 after the fashion designer and film director decided to part his way with Gucci. The brand offers cosmetic products, menswear, eyewear, fashion accessories and women wear to a customer base spread across the globe. Majority of the customers of Tom Ford are celebrities from international film industries, the world of sports, politics and media (Ford, 2014; Lewis, 2013; Petcu, 2010). In order to understand how media and general public view Tom Ford as a brand, a reputation audit is carried out. This audit will be helpful in understanding the effectiveness of Tom FordÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s marketing strategies to establish the brand as a luxury fashion product manufacturer and supplier. Moreover, the audit will help readers to understand the sentiments of Tom FordÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s target audience about its policies, performance in the industry, its financial strengths and the social responsibility which the brand is fulfilling (Males, 2013). Tom FordÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s target audience perceives the brand as a luxury high-end fashion brand providing fashion accessories, tailored suiting, fragrances, jackets, sunglasses, ties, shoes, skirts, cosmetics, leather goods and eyewear. Majority of the customer base of Tom Ford perceives it as a market leader in fashion and media industry because of its productsÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ exclusivity and quality. Tom FordÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s products are mainly popular because of innovativeness in product design and the ability of the brand to come up as the introducer of fashion trends. In addition to this ability, Tom Ford is

Sunday, November 17, 2019

Writing about pic-18 in computer desing subject Essay

Writing about pic-18 in computer desing subject - Essay Example The most popular set of microcontrollers are those in the 8051 family. These 8051 family is a preferred choice for professionals specializing in embedded systems because they are cheap, readily available, have a larger user base and also the ability of being reprogrammed with flash memory. Figure 1: The 8051 Microcontroller Invention of the Intel 8051 led to a revolutionary role of microcontrollers in the embedded systems industry. Intensive research in this field led to design of efficient, high performance and low power consumption family of microcontrollers. These included AVR, PIC and ARM. These modern microcontrollers are every day being made smarter to include latest communication protocols like USB, I2C, SPI, Ethernet and CAN. History The name PIC refers to the Peripheral Interface Controller. The first PIC was developed in 1975 by the Microelectronics Division of a company known as General Instruments. It was developed when the Microelectronics Division was testing its 16-bit CPU i.e. CP 1600. ... 1. Base Line PIC They are the least complex family of the 8-bit PIC microcontroller since they are based on 12-bit instruction architecture. They are the smallest and the cheapest of all the PICs and are available 6 to 40 pin packaging. 2. Mid-Range PIC These are based on 14-bit instruction architecture with a 20 MHz clock speed. They are mostly used for industry and even hobbyists because of their availability in many peripherals like Op-Amps, ADC, PWM and other communication protocols like SPI, I2C and SPI. 3. Enhanced Mid-Range PIC These are an enhanced version of Mid-Range core. They provide a greater performance in terms of flash memory, clock speed and power consumption. They also include multiples peripherals and protocols like SPI, I2C and USART. 4. PIC 18 It is the highest performing among the 8-bit PIC families and is based on a 16-bit instruction architecture that incorporates an advanced RISC architecture. It is integrated with current communication protocols like TCP/IP protocol, LIN, CAN and USB for communication with internet based networks. Figure 3: PIC 18 Pin Out Memory Variation for PIC 18 PIC 18 is available with many memory options such as mask ROM, EPROM and flash memory. These different types of memories are denoted as follows; Symbol Memory Type Example C EPROM PIC16Cxxx CR Mask ROM PIC16CRxxx F Flash Memory PIC16Fxxx The operating voltage of the PIC 18 ranges from 2.0-5.5 volts. The letter Ã¢â‚¬ËœLÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ is included in the controllers name to denote their voltage range i.e. PIC16LFxxx (operating at 2.0-5.5 range) PIC18 Architecture PIC18 microcontrollers are based the Reduced Instruction Set Computing architecture (RISC). This is the kind of architecture where the hardware gets reduced with an

Friday, November 15, 2019

How People Interact With Search Engines

How People Interact With Search Engines A search engine is a web-based tool that enables users to locate information on the World Wide Web. Popular examples of search engines are Google, Yahoo!, and MSN Search. Search engines utilize automated software applications (referred to as robots, bots, or spiders) that travel along the Web, following links from page to page, site to site. The information gathered by the spiders is used to create a searchable index of the Web. When people use the term search engine in relation to the Web, they are usually referring to the actual search forms that searches through databases of HTML documents, initially gathered by a robot. There are basically three types of search engines: Those that are powered by robots (called crawlers; ants or spiders) and those that are powered by human submissions; and those that are a hybrid of the two. HOW DO SEARCH ENGINES WORK? Every search engine uses different complex mathematical formulas to generate search results. The results for a specific query are then displayed on the SERP. Search engine algorithms take the key elements of a web page, including the page title, content and keyword density, and come up with a ranking for where to place the results on the pages. Each search engines algorithm is unique, so a top ranking on Yahoo! does not only a short period before the search engines developers become wise to the tactics and change their algorithm. More likely, sites using these tricks will be labeled as spam by the search engines and their rankings will plummet. animation mean nothing to search engines, but the actual text on your pages does. It is difficult to build a Flash site that is as friendly to search engines; as a result, Flash sites will tend not to rank as high as sites developed with well coded HTML and CSS (Cascading Style Sheets a complex mechanism for adding styles to website pages above and beyond regular HTML). If the terms you want to be found by do not appear in the text of your website, it will be very difficult for your website to yield high placement in the SERPs. Crawler-based search engines are those that use automated software agents (called crawlers) that visit a Web site, read the information on the actual site, read the sites meta tags and also follow the links that the site connects to performing indexing on all linked Web sites as well. The crawler returns all that information back to a central depository, where the data is indexed. The crawler will periodically return to the sites to check for any information that has changed. The frequency with which this happens is determined by the administrators of the search engine. Human-powered search engines rely on humans to submit information that is subsequently indexed and catalogued. Only information that is submitted is put into the index. In both cases, when you query a search engine to locate information, youre actually searching through the index that the search engine has created -you are not actually searching the Web. These indices are giant databases of information that is collected and stored and subsequently searched. This explains why sometimes a search on a commercial search guarantee a prominent ranking on Google, and vice versa. To make things more complicated, the algorithms used by search engines are not only closely guarded secrets, they are also constantly undergoing modification and revision. This means that the criteria to best optimize a site with must be surmised through observation, as well as trial and error and not just once, but continuously. Gimmicks less reputable SEO firms tout as the answer to better site rankings may work at best for engine, such as Yahoo! or Google, will return results that are, in fact, dead links. Since the search results are based on the index, if the index hasnt been updated since a Web page became invalid the search engine treats the page as still an active link even though it no longer is. It will remain that way until the index is updated. So why will the same search on different search engines produce different results? Part of the answer to that question is because not all indices are going to be exactly the same. It depends on what the spiders find or what the humans submitted. But more important, not every search engine uses the same algorithm to search through the indices. The algorithm is what the search engines use to determine the relevance of the information in the index to what the user is searching for. One of the elements that a search engine algorithm scans for is the frequency and location of keywords on a Web page. Those with higher frequency are typically considered more relevant. But search engine technology is becoming sophisticated in its attempt to discourage what is known keyword stuffing, or spamdexing. Another common element that algorithms analyze is the way that pages link to other pages in the Web. By analyzing how pages link to each other, an engine can both determine what a page is about (if the keywords of the linked pages are similar to the keywords on the original page) and whether that page is considered important and deserving of a boost in ranking. Just as the technology is becoming increasingly sophisticated to ignore keyword stuffing, it is also becoming more savvy to Web masters who build artificial links into their sites in order to build an artificial ranking. SEARCH ENGINE OPTIMIZATION Search engine optimization (SEO) is the process of affecting the visibility of a website or a webpage in a search engines natural or un-paid (organic) search engine results In general, the earlier (or higher ranked on the search results page), and more frequently a site appears in the search results list, the more visitors it will receive from the search engines users. SEO may target different kinds of search, including image search, local search video search, academic search news search and industry-specific vertical search engines engines. As an internet marketing strategy, SEO considers how search engines work, what people search for, the actual search terms or keywords typed into search engines and which search engines are preferred by their targeted audience. Optimizing a website may involve editing its content ,HTML and associated coding to both increase its relevance to specific keywords and to remove barriers to the indexing activities of search engines. Promoting a site to increase the number of back links or inbound links, is another SEO tactic. HOW PEOPLE INTERACT WITH SEARCH ENGINES We like to say Build for users, not search engines. When users have a bad experience at your site, when they cant accomplish a task or find what they were looking for, this often correlates with poor search engine performance. On the other hand, when users are happy with your website, a positive experience is created, both with the search engine and the site providing the information or result. What are users looking for? There are three types of search queries users generally perform: Do Transactional Queries Action queries such as buy a plane ticket or listen to a song. Know Informational Queries When a user seeks information, such as the name of the band or the best restaurant in New York City. Go Navigation Queries Search queries that seek a particular online destination, such as Facebook or the homepage of the NFL. When visitors type a query into a search box and land on your site, will they be satisfied with what they find? This is the primary question search engines try to figure out millions of times per day. The search engines primary responsibility is to serve relevant results to their users. It all starts with the words typed into a small box. KEYWORD RESEARCH It all begins with words typed into a search box. Keyword research is one of the most important, valuable, and high return activities in the search marketing field. Ranking for the right keywords can make or break your website. Through the detective work of puzzling out your markets keyword demand, you not only learn which terms and phrases to target with SEO, but also learn more about your customers as a whole. Its not always about getting visitors to your site, but about getting the right kind of visitors. The usefulness of this intelligence cannot be overstated with keyword research you can predict shifts in demand, respond to changing market conditions, and produce the products, services, and content that web searchers are already actively seeking. In the history of marketing, there has never been such a low barrier to entry in understanding the motivations of consumers in virtually every niche.

Tuesday, November 12, 2019

The Deadly Social Cloud Essay -- Smoking Tobacco Health Essays

The Deadly Social Cloud Our society is tormented everyday with a grave injustice. Americans must tolerate these hayness acts and must bear with them every single day of their lives. In regards to very strong complaints by common citizens all over the United States, laws have tried to stop certain acts that these heathens commit. I have thought out this problem in todayÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s society and have come up with a solution that can stop this crime throughout the United States. This social crime is that of smokers in every city of every state in the United States. Not only is the act of smoking disgusting, but also kills the person that is smoking and kills the people around that smoker. Smoking in social areas can cause everyone ill health like asthma, emphysema, lung cancer, and ultimately will cause a premature death to people who are exposed to them on an everyday basis. My plan can benefit society and the well being of the smoker and the people that are usually exposed to it. I propose that the smokers be given laws and punishments that will eventually stop them from smoking and help the common citizen to live much healthier and longer lives. These punishments will consist of three parts, fine and jail, beaten and slapped, and finally demoralized and executed. These murderous tyrants must be stopped as soon as possible and my plan will do that. Since cigarettes are the leading cause of preventable deaths in the United States, the act of smoking should be seen as the same as homicide. Although it takes longer to kill a person by smoking, it will eventually lead to death just the same. A study from the American Lung Association states that for every six people that die from cigarette related deaths around the world; one of them is an American. In the United States, cigarettes are the cause of one in every five deaths. According to a U.S. Surgeon General's report, cigarettes contain four thousand chemicals and at least forty distinct cancer-causing chemicals. This should constitute cigarettes as a deadly weapon and the person who is smoking will be convicted for attempted murder if any person is around him or her. My plan consists of three very efficient punishments to stop cigarette smoking. First time offence by a tyrannous smoker will be arrested and jailed for a minimum of thirty days and a maximum of one year depending of how many people were around that ... ...e human rights of the victims around them? Are they not aloud to have healthy long lives? I say that the right to survive for the majority of the population is much more important than the rights of a so-called human being that tries to commit suicide and kill everyone else with them. Not only are adults affected, but children are also affected by cigarette smoke. Does the future for our children out way the rights for a smoker? I say it does undoubtedly. My three-step solution to first fine and jail, second to beat and slap, and thirdly to demoralize and execute will stop all use and production of tobacco if enabled and enforced. I am a nonsmoker who has lost an aunt to this white shroud of death. Due to the effects of second hand smoke over the years my aunt acquired lung cancer at the age of twenty-four, she later died at the age of twenty-eight. Because of this fact I must strongly insist on starting my proposal as soon as possible to save the American population and the future for our children and our grandchildren. My proposal will greatly enhance the living environment for all people, in every city around the United States and ensure the quality of living for the future.

Sunday, November 10, 2019

Attack on Pearl Harbor: Usa in World War Essay

Pearl Harbour is a lagoon harbour on the island of OÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ahu, Hawaii. Most part of the harbour is a naval base for the United States Navy and it is also the headquarters of United States Pacific Fleet. It was attacked by the Japanese navy in a surprise military air strike. The attack took place in the early hours of December 7 1941 and lasted for around two hours. The following day USA declared war on Japan and thus the entry of USA in World War II. Reason for the attack Ã¢â‚¬Å"Yesterday, December 7, 1941 Ã¢â‚¬â€œ a date which will live in infamy Ã¢â‚¬â€œ the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan. The United States was at peace with that nation and, at the solicitation of Japan, was still in conversation with its Government and its Emperor looking toward the maintenance of peace in the Pacific. Indeed, one hour after Japanese air squadrons had commenced bombing in Oahu, the Japanese Ambassador to the United States and his colleague delivered to the Secretary of State a formal reply to a recent American message. While this reply stated that it seemed useless to continue the existing diplomatic negotiations, it contained no threat or hint of war or armed attack. It will be recorded that the distance of Hawaii from Japan makes it obvious that the attack was deliberately planned many days or even weeks ago. During the intervening time the Japanese Government has deliberately sought to deceive the United States by false statements and expressions of hope for continued peace. The attack yesterday on the Hawaiian Islands has caused severe damage to American naval and military forces. Very many American lives have been lost. In addition American ships have been reported torpedoed on the high seas between San Francisco and Honolulu. Yesterday the Japanese Government also launched an attack against Malaya. Last night Japanese forces attacked Hong Kong. Last night Japanese forces attacked Guam. Last night Japanese forces attacked the Philippine Islands. Last night the Japanese attacked Wake Island. This morning the Japanese attacked Midway Island. Japan has, therefore, undertaken a surprise offensive extending throughout the Pacific area. The facts of yesterday speak for themselves. The people of the United States have already formed their opinions and well understand the implications to the very life and safety of our nation. As Commander-in-Chief of the Army and Navy, I have directed that all measures be taken for our defense. Always will we remember the character of the onslaught against us. No matter how long it may take us to overcome this premeditated invasion, the American people in their righteous might will win through to absolute victory. I believe I interpret the will of the Congress and of the people when I assert that we will not only defend ourselves to the uttermost but will make very certain that this form of treachery shall never endanger us again. Hostilities exist. There is no blinking at the fact that our people, our territory and our interests are in grave danger. With confidence in our armed forces Ã¢â‚¬â€œ with the unbounded determination of our people Ã¢â‚¬â€œ we will gain the inevitable triumph Ã¢â‚¬â€œ so help us God. I ask that the Congress declare that since the unprovoked and dastardly attack by Japan on Sunday, December seventh, a state of war has existed between the United States and the Japanese Empire.Ã¢â‚¬ Bibliography * www.eyewitnesshistory.com * about.com * Wikipedia * www.history.com * www.worldwar2history.info * www.history.navy.mil * www.u-s-history.com * www.wtj.com ( War Times Journal ) * www.law.ou.edu * www.bbc.co.uk * education.nationalgeographic.com

Friday, November 8, 2019

Biography of Peggy Shippen, Socialite and Spy

Biography of Peggy Shippen, Socialite and Spy Peggy Arnold (born Margaret Shippen; July 11, 1760Ã¢â‚¬â€œAugust 24, 1804) was a Philadelphia socialite during the American Revolution. She was part of a notoriously Loyalist family and social circle, but she became infamous for her role in the treason of her husband, General Benedict Arnold. Fast Facts: Peggy Shippen Known For:Ã‚ Socialite and spy who helped her husband, General Benedict Arnold, commit treasonBorn:Ã‚ July 11, 1760 in Philadelphia, PennsylvaniaDied:Ã‚ August 24, 1804 in London, EnglandSpouse:Ã‚ General Benedict Arnold (m. 1779-1801)Children:Ã‚ Edward Shippen Arnold, James Arnold, Sophia Matilda Arnold, George Arnold, William Fitch Arnold Pre-Revolution Childhood The Shippen family was one of the wealthiest and most prominent families in Philadelphia. Peggys father, Edward Shippen IV, was a judge, and although he tried to keep his political views as private as possible, he was generally counted as a Ã¢â‚¬Å"ToryÃ¢â‚¬ or Ã¢â‚¬Å"LoyalistÃ¢â‚¬ to the British colonials, not an ally of the would-be revolutionaries. Peggy was the ShippensÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ fourth daughter, born after three successive older sisters (Elizabeth, Sarah, and Mary) and a brother, Edward. Because she was the youngest of the family, Peggy was generally considered the favorite and was particularly doted upon by her parents and others. As a child, she was educated like most girls of her social class: basic school subjects, as well as accomplishments considered suitable for a wealthy young lady, such as music, embroidery, dancing, and sketching. Unlike some of her contemporaries, however, Peggy displayed a particular interest in politics from a young age. She learned about political and financial matters from her father. As she grew older, she gained an understanding of these topics as they related to the Revolution; she had hardly known a time when the colonies were not at war, since the war began when she was only five years old. A Tory Belle Despite her genuine interest in politics, Peggy was still a young woman concerned with social events, and she tended to move mostly in Loyalist circles. By 1777, when Peggy was seventeen, Philadelphia was under the control of the British, and the Shippen home was central to many social events involving the British officers and Loyalist families. Among these guests was a significant figure: Major John Andre. At the time, Andre was an up-and-coming figure in the British forces, under the command of General William Howe. He and Peggy met often in social settings and were believed to be particularly close. The pair definitely shared a flirtation, and itÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s fairly likely that their relationship bloomed into a full-fledged romance. When the British abandoned their stronghold in Philadelphia upon news of French aid coming to the rebels, Andre left with the rest of his troops, but Peggy kept up a correspondence with him in subsequent months and years. The city was placed under the command of Benedict Arnold in the summer of 1778. It was at this point that PeggyÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s personal politics began to change, at least outwardly. Despite her father still being a staunch Tory, Peggy began to grow close to General Arnold. Their differences in political background were not the only gap between them: Arnold was 36 to PeggyÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s 18. Despite this, Arnold sought the consent of Judge Shippen to propose to Peggy, and although the judge was mistrusting, he ultimately gave his consent. Peggy wed Arnold on April 8, 1779. Life as Mrs. Arnold Arnold purchased Mount Pleasant, a mansion just outside the city, and planned to renovate it for his family. They did not end up living there, however; it became a rental property instead. Peggy found herself with a husband who was not necessarily as much in favor as he once had been. Arnold had been profiting off of his command in Philadelphia, and upon being caught in 1779, he was found guilty of a few minor corruption charges and was reprimanded by George Washington himself. At this point, PeggyÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s favoring of the British began to re-emerge. With her husband furious at his countrymen and their social circle increasingly including those with British sympathies, the opportunity arose to switch sides. Peggy had kept in touch with her old flame Andre, now a major and the spy chief for British General Sir Henry Clinton. Historians are divided as to who was the original instigator of communications between Andre and Arnold: while some point to PeggyÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s close relationship with Andre, others suspect Jonathan Odell or Joseph Stanbury, both Loyalists affiliated with the Arnolds. Regardless of who started it, the undisputed fact is that Arnold began communications with the British in May 1779, sharing information on troop locations, supply lines, and other vital military intelligence. Espionage and Aftermath Peggy did play some part in these exchanges: she facilitated some of the communications, and some of the surviving letters include portions written in her handwriting, with her husbandÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s messages on the same sheet, written in invisible ink. In 1792, it would be revealed that Peggy was paid Ã‚ £350 for handling some messages. Around this time, however, Peggy became pregnant, and she gave birth to a son, Edward, in March 1780. The family moved to a home near West Point, the crucial military post where Arnold had gained command- and where he was slowly weakening defenses in order to make it easy to hand over to the British. In September 1780, the plot fell apart. On September 21, Andre and Arnold met so that Arnold could hand over significant documents related to the West Point plot. As Andre attempted to return to British territory, however, he was persuaded by his go-between that it would be safer to ride in plain clothes; as a result, he was captured on September 23 and deemed a spy instead of an enemy officer. Arnold fled on September 25, leaving Peggy and their son behind. George Washington and his aides, including Alexander Hamilton, were scheduled to have a breakfast with the Arnolds that morning, and they discovered his treason as they arrived to find Peggy alone. Peggy became hysterical upon Ã¢â‚¬Å"discoveringÃ¢â‚¬ her husbandÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s treason, which may have helped buy Arnold time to escape. She returned to her family in Philadelphia and feigned ignorance until a letter between Andre and Peggy was discovered, upon which she was sent to British-occupied New York with her husband, where their second son, James, was born. Andre was executed as a spy. Post-Revolution Life and Legacy The Arnolds fled to London in December 1781, and Peggy was presented at the royal court in February 1782. It was here that she was paid for her services in the war Ã¢â‚¬â€œ an annual pension for her children, plus Ã‚ £350 on the orders of King George III himself. The Arnolds had two more children Ã¢â‚¬â€œ a son and a daughter Ã¢â‚¬â€œ but both died in infancy in London. Arnold returned to North America in 1784 for a business opportunity in Canada. While he was there, Peggy gave birth to their daughter Sophia, and Arnold may have had an illegitimate son in Canada. She joined him there in 1787, and they had two more children. In 1789, Peggy visited family in Philadelphia, and she was made very unwelcome in the city. By the time the Arnolds left Canada to return to England in 1791, they were unwelcome in Canada, too, where mobs met them with protests as they departed. Arnold died in 1801, and Peggy auctioned off much of their property to cover his debts. She died in London of 1804, possibly from cancer. Although history remembers her husband as the ultimate traitor, historians have also come to conclude that Peggy played a role in that treason. Her legacy is a mysterious one, with some believing she was just a British sympathizer and others believing she orchestrated the whole betrayal (Aaron Burr and his wife, Theodosia Prevost Burr, were among the sources of the latter belief). Either way, Peggy Shippen Arnold went down in history as party to one of the most infamous actions in American history. Sources Brandt, Clare The Man in the Mirror: A Life of Benedict Arnold. Random House, 1994.Cooney, Victoria. Love and the Revolution. Humanities, vol. 34, no. 5, 2013.Stuart, Nancy. Defiant Brides: The Untold Story of Two Revolutionary-Era Women And the Radical Men They Married. Boston, Beacon Press, 2013.